Science Based Targets Initiative (SBTi): What Startups Need to Know

What is the Science Based Targets Initiative?

The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) is a partnership between CDP, the United Nations Global Compact, the World Resources Institute (WRI), and the WWF that helps companies set greenhouse gas emission reduction targets in line with climate science — specifically, the ambition required to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.

A "science-based target" is not just a voluntary pledge. It's a validated commitment, assessed against the SBTi's methodology, that demonstrates the company's emission reductions are consistent with what climate scientists say is necessary. Over 7,000 companies worldwide have committed to SBTi targets.

What Makes a Target "Science-Based"?

To qualify as science-based, emission reduction targets must:

Cover the relevant scope — Near-term targets must cover Scope 1 and 2 emissions. Scope 3 must be included if it represents more than 40% of total emissions.
Align with a 1.5°C pathway — The ambition level must match what the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says is needed.
Have a defined timeframe — Near-term targets: 5–10 years. Long-term/net-zero targets: by 2050.
Use approved methodologies — SBTi prescribes specific calculation methods for different sectors.

The SBTi Validation Process

Commit — Company signs the commitment letter (1-year timeline to submit targets)
Develop targets — Using SBTi's tools and sector-specific guidance
Submit — Targets submitted to SBTi for official validation
Validate — SBTi reviews and approves (or requests revisions)
Disclose — Company publicly reports progress annually

SBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard

In 2021, SBTi launched the Corporate Net-Zero Standard — the world's first science-based framework for corporate net-zero targets. It distinguishes between:

Near-term targets (5–10 years): Deep emission reductions, typically 50%+ by 2030
Long-term net-zero targets: 90–95% absolute emission reduction by 2050
Neutralization: Residual emissions offset with permanent carbon removal (not just offsetting)

Why It Matters for Startups

Climate Tech Product Market

Climate tech startups building carbon accounting, offset management, supply chain decarbonization, and ESG reporting tools serve a massive and growing market — driven largely by SBTi commitments. When large companies commit to SBTi, they immediately need software to track and report progress.

Enterprise Customer Requirements

B2B SaaS companies increasingly face Scope 3 emissions data requests from enterprise customers with SBTi commitments. Your startup may be in their Scope 3 Category 1 (purchased goods/services).

Investor Credibility

Impact investors and ESG funds increasingly require portfolio companies to commit to SBTi targets as a condition of investment or as a covenant.

Competitive Differentiation

SBTi validation is becoming a competitive signal in enterprise sales — especially for companies selling to sustainability-conscious buyers in Europe.

How 100x Helps

100x Engineering builds carbon tracking and SBTi progress monitoring tools in 3 weeks:

Emission baseline calculators using GHG Protocol methodologies
Target-setting dashboards showing reduction trajectories vs. 1.5°C pathways
Annual progress reporting interfaces aligned with SBTi disclosure requirements
Scope 3 data collection tools for supplier engagement and value chain emissions

See also: GHG Protocol | TCFD Framework | EU Taxonomy